Mulheres compram mais? Uma análise das emoções e do gênero na compra por impulso
Palabras clave:
Compra por impulso online, Compra por humor, Estresse, Depleção do ego, GêneroResumen
Objetivo da pesquisa: este estudo buscou analisar o efeito do estresse na compra por impulso online. Testamos este efeito de forma direta e por meio da mediação seriada moderada. Utilizamos como mediadoras a depleção do ego e compra para melhorar o humor. A moderadora utilizada foi o gênero (homens versus mulheres) dos indivíduos.
Metodologia: O estudo foi conduzido por meio de um survey com estudantes de uma IES que fizeram alguma compra online nos 3 meses anteriores à coleta de dados. Dentre 380 alunos visualizaram o link da perquisa via QuestionPro, apenas 196 iniciaram a pesquisa e 100 responderam os questionários de forma completa. A análise ocorreu por meio de testes t de Student para amostras independentes. Para analisar o modelo condicional utilizamos o software SPSS com apoio do modelo 87 da macro Process.
Principais resultados: Os resultados demonstram como o estresse e a depleção do ego levam os consumidores a fazerem mais compras por impulso como forma de melhorar o humor. Este mecanismo é moderado pelo gênero (homens versus mulheres), demonstrando que a tendência em usar a compra com mais frequência para melhorar o humor e a intensidade desse comportamento (comprar mais ou menos por impulso) não é a mesma entre homens e mulheres.
Conclusões: Embora a literatura reconheça que as mulheres compram mais por impulso, este estudo contribui com novas reflexões sobre como as emoções afetam o comportamento de ambos os gêneros de forma diferente.
Citas
Allport, G. W. (1961). Pattern and growth in personality. In Pattern and growth in personality. Holt, Reinhart & Winston.
Atulkar, S., & Kesari, B. (2018). Role of consumer traits and situational factors on impulse buying: does gender matter? International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 46(4), 386–405. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-12-2016-0239
Bahrainizad, M., & Rajabi, A. (2018). Consumers’ perception of usability of product packaging and impulse buying : Considering consumers’ mood and time pressure as moderating variables. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(2), 262–282. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2016-0030
Balleyer, A. H., & Fennis, B. M. (2022). Hedonic Consumption in Times of Stress: Reaping the Emotional Benefits Without the Self-Regulatory Cost. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.685552
Burton, J. L., Gollins, J., McNeely, L. E., & Walls, D. M. (2019). Revisiting the relationship between ad frequency and purchase intentions how affect and cognition mediate outcomes at different levels of advertising frequency. Journal of Advertising Research, 59(1), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2018-031
Cahill, J., Cullen, P., & Gaynor, K. (2020). Interventions to support the management of work-related stress (WRS) and wellbeing/mental health issues for commercial pilots. Cognition, Technology and Work, 22(3), 517–547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-019-00586-z
Chan, T. K. H., Cheung, C. M. K., & Lee, Z. W. Y. (2017). The state of online impulse-buying research: A literature analysis. Information and Management, 54(2), 204–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.06.001
Claes, L., & Müller, A. (2017). Resisting Temptation: Is Compulsive Buying an Expression of Personality Deficits? In Current Addiction Reports (Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 237–245). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-017-0152-0
Clover, V. T. (1950). Relative importance of impulse-buying in retail stores. Journal of marketing, 15(1), 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224295001500110
Ekeng, A. B., Lifu, F. L., & Asinya, F. A. (2012). Effect of demographic characteristics on consumer impulse buying among consumers of Calabar municipality, cross river state. www.savap.org.pk
Forbes Advisor. (2023, February 8). 38 E-Commerce Statistics Of 2023. Https://Www.Forbes.Com/Advisor/Business/Ecommerce-Statistics/.
Gao, W., Ping, S., & Liu, X. (2020). Gender differences in depression, anxiety, and stress among college students: A longitudinal study from China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 263, 292–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.121
Gulfraz, M. B., Sufyan, M., Mustak, M., Salminen, J., & Srivastava, D. K. (2022). Understanding the impact of online customers’ shopping experience on online impulsive buying: A study on two leading E-commerce platforms. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103000
Islam, T., Pitafi, A. H., Arya, V., Wang, Y., Akhtar, N., Mubarik, S., & Xiaobei, L. (2021). Panic buying in the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country examination. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102357
Iyer, G. R., Blut, M., Xiao, S. H., & Grewal, D. (2020). Impulse buying: a meta-analytic review. In Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science (Vol. 48, Issue 3, pp. 384–404). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00670-w
Karimi, S., & Liu, Y. L. (2020). The differential impact of “mood” on consumers’ decisions, a case of mobile payment adoption. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.017
Li, Y. (2015). Impact of impulsive buying behavior on postimpulsive buying satisfaction. Social Behavior and Personality, 43(2), 339–352. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.2.339
Mowen, J. C., & Spears, N. (1999). Understanding Compulsive Buying among College Students: A Hierarchical Approach. In Source: Journal of Consumer Psychology (Vol. 8, Issue 4). http://www.jstor.orgStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/1480442
Mueller, A., Claes, L., Mitchell, J. E., Wonderlich, S. A., Crosby, R. D., & de Zwaan, M. (2010). Personality prototypes in individuals with compulsive buying based on the Big Five Model. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(9), 930–935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.05.020
O’guinn, T. C., & Faber, R. J. (1989). Compulsive Buying: A Phenomenological Exploration. In Source: Journal of Consumer Research (Vol. 16, Issue 2).
Parsad, C., Prashar, S., Vijay, T. S., & Kumar, M. (2021). Do promotion and prevention focus influence impulse buying: The role of mood regulation, shopping values, and impulse buying tendency. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102554
Redine, A., Deshpande, S., Jebarajakirthy, C., & Surachartkumtonkun, J. (2023). Impulse buying: A systematic literature review and future research directions. In International Journal of Consumer Studies (Vol. 47, Issue 1, pp. 3–41). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12862
Remor, E. (2006). Psychometric Properties of a European Spanish Version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Journal of Psychology, 9(1), 86–93.
Rezaei, S., Ali, F., Amin, M., & Jayashree, S. (2016). Online impulse buying of tourism products: The role of web site personality, utilitarian and hedonic web browsing. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 7(1), 60–83. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-03-2015-0018
Ridgway, N. M., Kukar-Kinney, M., & Monroe, K. B. (2008). An expanded conceptualization and a new measure of compulsive buying. Journal of Consumer Research, 35(4), 622–639. https://doi.org/10.1086/591108
Rizvi, S. R., Amir, F., Ashiq, I., & Galvez, E. S. (2023). Impulsive Buying Behaviour of Omani Women in Apparel Industry. European Journal of Business and Management, 15(2), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.7176/EJBM/15-2-03
Santini, F. D. O., Ladeira, W. J., Vieira, V. A., Araujo, C. F., & Sampaio, C. H. (2019). Antecedents and consequences of impulse buying: a meta-analytic study. RAUSP Management Journal, 54, 178-204. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-07-2018-0037
Sayre, G. M., Grandey, A. A., & Chi, N. W. (2020). From cheery to “cheers”? Regulating emotions at work and alcohol consumption after work. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(6), 597–618. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000452
Shepherd-Banigan, M., Bell, J. F., Basu, A., Booth-LaForce, C., & Harris, J. R. (2016). Workplace Stress and Working from Home Influence Depressive Symptoms Among Employed Women with Young Children. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 23(1), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-015-9482-2
Singh, R. K., & Göritz, A. S. (2019). Revisiting Ego Depletion: Moderators and Measurement. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 41(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2018.1530671
Statista Search Department. (2023, March 29). E-commerce retail sales CAGR 2023-2027, by country. Https://Www.Statista.Com/Forecasts/220177/B2c-e-Commerce-Sales-Cagr-Forecast-for-Selected-Countries.
Tarka, P., Kukar-Kinney, M., & Harnish, R. J. (2022). Consumers’ personality and compulsive buying behavior: The role of hedonistic shopping experiences and gender in mediating-moderating relationships. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102802
Tifferet, S., & Herstein, R. (2012). Gender differences in brand commitment, impulse buying, and hedonic consumption. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 21(3), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610421211228793
Viacava, J. J. C., Francisquetti, J. Q., de Souza Lima, L. R., & de Oliveira, E. (2016). I need to use my mobile: The influence of self-control and ego depletion on smartphones use. Revista Brasileira de Marketing, 15(1), 113–132. https://doi.org/10.5585/remark.v15i1.2881
Wang, Y., Pan, J., Xu, Y., Luo, J., & Wu, Y. (2022). The Determinants of Impulsive Buying Behavior in Electronic Commerce. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127500
Xia, Y., Schyns, B., & Zhang, L. (2020). Why and when job stressors impact voice behaviour: An ego depletion perspective. Journal of Business Research, 109, 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.053
Yang, X., Chen, P., & Zhang, Y. (2023). How mentally healthy we are during the pandemic? Findings from changed travel behavior. Journal of Transport & Health, 29, 101587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2023.101587
Zhao, S., Yang, Q., Im, H., Ye, B., Zeng, Y., Chen, Z., Liu, L., & Huang, D. (2022). The impulsive online shopper: effects of COVID-19 burnout, uncertainty, self-control, and online shopping trust. Future Business Journal, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-022-00174-0
Zheng, Y., Yang, X., Liu, Q., Chu, X., Huang, Q., & Zhou, Z. (2020). Perceived stress and online compulsive buying among women: A moderated mediation model. Computers in Human Behavior, 103, 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.09.012
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Eduardo Mesquita, Taina Townsend
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Declaro que o presente artigo é original, não tendo sido submetido à publicação, quer em sua totalidade quer em parte, em qualquer outro periódico nacional ou internacional. Declaro, ainda, que, uma vez publicado no International Journal of Business & Marketing (IJBMKT), o mesmo jamais será submetido por mim ou por qualquer um dos demais coautores a qualquer outro periódico. Através deste instrumento, em meu nome e em nome dos demais coautores, porventura existentes, cedo os direitos autorais do referido artigo ao International Journal of Business & Marketing (IJBMKT) e declaro estar ciente de que a não observância deste compromisso submeterá o infrator a sanções e penas previstas na Lei de Proteção de Direitos Autorais (nº 9609, de 19/02/98).